All non-text content that is presented to the user has a text alternative that serves the equivalent purpose, except for the situations listed below. Controls, Input If non-text content is a control or accepts user input, then it has a name that describes its purpose. (Refer to Success Criterion 4.1.2 for additional requirements for controls and content that accepts user input.) Time-Based Media If non-text content is time-based media, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content. (Refer to Guideline 1.2 for additional requirements for media.) Test If non-text content is a test or exercise that would be invalid if presented in text, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content. Sensory If non-text content is primarily intended to create a specific sensory experience, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content. Read more

Most teams use incremental design and iterative processes interchangeably, and in practice, they often go hand-in-hand. But there is a difference between the two terms. In an iterative process, your team works to refine and improve your project based on feedback or new information. The key to the iterative process is trial and error: the project gets better over time as a result of these changes.  In incremental design—sometimes called incremental development—you will add new features and build better things on top of your first version or deliverable. To run an incremental design process, teams will purposefully produce a bare-bones version of their ultimate project deliverable in order to get it out the door as quickly as possible (like Facebook’s old mantra—move fast and break things). Then, the team will iterate and improve upon the initial version by creating increments that include more features than the initial version. They will continue to do so until their deliverable has all of the functionality it needs to have.  Most teams that use iterative processes use incremental design and vice versa. Good iterative processes are also incremental so that you can continuously improve on your original deliverable. Good incremental design is also iterative because you need to be able to respond to customer feedback and pivot if necessary. Read more

Primer text from The College of William & MaryADHD is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions of children (Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention, 2015).  In a 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study, scientists found that 6.1 million children aged 2-17 years living in the U.S. had been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is similar to previous en Ages 6-11: Approximately 2.4 million children Ages 12-17: Approximately 3.3 million children The diagnostic term attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refers to individuals who display patterns of inattention, impulsivity, and overactive behavior that interfere with daily functioning (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) V (APA, 2013) criteria for diagnosing ADHD listthree types of ADHD and the accompanying characteristics. Read more

Primer text from The College of William & MaryADHD is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions of children (Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention, 2015).  In a 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study, scientists found that 6.1 million children aged 2-17 years living in the U.S. had been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is similar to previous en Ages 6-11: Approximately 2.4 million children Ages 12-17: Approximately 3.3 million children The diagnostic term attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refers to individuals who display patterns of inattention, impulsivity, and overactive behavior that interfere with daily functioning (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) V (APA, 2013) criteria for diagnosing ADHD listthree types of ADHD and the accompanying characteristics. Read more

In a non-iterative process, you and your team would work together to come up with a final product without necessarily trying new ideas along the way. Typically, non-iterative processes require more time during the conceptualization and creation phase, so that everything works as intended during the testing phase.  Waterfall is the most common non-iterative process. In the waterfall model, you and your team will define project phases before the project starts. Each phase begins once a previous phase is completed in its entirety. Requirements and resources will typically be locked before a project begins, and the team avoids changing the project plan as much as possible.  For example, imagine you’re working with a design agency to create an ebook. You first need to provide all of the copy for the ebook. Then, the design agency will take that copy and create designs. Finally, your internal team will copyedit the designed ebook to make sure everything looks ok. This is an example of the waterfall model because each phase relies on the previous step (i.e. you can’t copyedit the designed ebook until it’s been designed). Depending on the team you’re on and the type of projects you run, non-iterative processes can be challenging because they don’t build in time for your team to iterate and continuously improve. Because there are so many unknowns and surprises in engineering, engineering teams in particular tend to use iterative processes instead of non-iterative ones, but any team can benefit.  Read more

Edited -- The iterative process is the practice of building, refining, and improving a project, product, or initiative. Teams that use the iterative development process create, test, and revise until they’re satisfied with the end result. You can think of an iterative process as a trial-and-error methodology that brings your project closer to its end goal.  Iterative processes are a fundamental part of lean methodologies and Agile project management—but these processes can be implemented by any team, not just Agile ones. During the iterative process, you will continually improve your design, product, or project until you and your team are satisfied with the final project deliverable. Read more

They are more likely to respond positively when teachers establish class routines and set procedures and maintain a well-organized learning environment.  Clear rules and advanced planning are keys to success for teachers of students with ADHD. The following organizational supports are particularly useful. Students should be taught to use these tools through teacher modeling and guided practice with feedback before being expected to use them more independently. Assignment Notebook: Provide the student with an assignment notebook to helporganize homework and seatwork.Color-Coded Folders: Provide the student with color-coded folders to helporganize assignments for different academic subjects. Read more

As a result of the behaviors listed above, students with ADHD are at greater risk of academicdifficulties, social/emotional issues, and limited educational outcomes. The degree to which attention impacts a student’s academic and social performance is related to the interactions between the student’s academic and behavioral needs and the environmentaldemands.  Therefore, it is not unusual for the student to perform differently across settings.  For example, a student with ADHD may experience academic success in elementary school;however, when he enters middle school, the increased academic and organizational demandsmay increase his need for additional academic and behavioral supports. Read more

Social media and technology offer us greater convenience and connectivity: staying connected with family and friends worldwide via email, text, FaceTime, etc. quick access to information and research banking and bill pay at our fingertips online learning, job skills, content discovery (YouTube) involvement in civic engagement (fundraising, social awareness, provides a voice) great marketing tools opportunities for remote employment Social media can be a good thing, but if  teens ever feel uncomfortable about something they see or read on social, they should trust their own feelings and talk to someone – a parent, a teacher, or another trusted adult. Bullying, threats and cruelty on social media are all signs that the person doing those things needs help. Read more

Social media usage -- edited Back in 2005, when social media was still in its infancy, only about 5 percent of users in the United States were involved in social media. In 2019, that number grew to about 70 percent. Pew Research Center surveyed social media usage and popularity among US adults early in 2019. The survey found that while the most-used social platforms for adults are YouTube and Facebook; teens prefer SnapChat and Instagram, while TikTok is reportedly the fastest growing social network among younger users. Social media use is nearly universal among today’s teens. Pew Research Center reports 97 percent of 13- to 17-year-olds use at least one of seven major online platforms. The amount of time spent on social sites is astounding. One report indicates the average teen ages 13 to 18 spends about nine hours on social media each day; tweens ages 8 to 12 are on for about six hours a day. Like most things, using social media has its positives (the good), its cautionary tales (the bad), and dangers (the ugly) that lurk and impact the lives of many, but especially teens. Read more

Homework and other seatwork in the proper folders and assignment book.Clean Out Dates: Periodically ask the student to sort through and clean out his orher desk, book bag, and other special places where written assignments are stored.Extra Books: Provide the student with an extra set of books or electronicversions of books for use at home. This eliminates the student having toremember to bring books back and forth.Use of Calendars: Teach the student to use a calendar for schedulingassignments. Tape a schedule of planned daily activities to the student’s desk tohelp with time management and transitions.Checklist of Homework Supplies: Give the student a checklist that identifiescategories of items needed for homework assignments. The checklist can betaped to the inside of the student’s locker or desk.  Read more

ADHD Students and Classroom Considerations